{"id":7333,"date":"2026-08-07T19:06:53","date_gmt":"2026-08-07T22:06:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/elreportivo.cl\/olimpia\/?p=7333"},"modified":"2026-08-07T19:06:57","modified_gmt":"2026-08-07T22:06:57","slug":"7333","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/elreportivo.cl\/olimpia\/2026\/08\/07\/7333\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover alignfull\" style=\"padding-top:20px;padding-right:20px;padding-bottom:20px;padding-left:20px;min-height:635px;aspect-ratio:unset;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-168\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/elreportivodeolimpia.cl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/sports-tools.jpg\" data-object-fit=\"cover\"\/><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-background-dim-80 has-background-dim\"><\/span><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-cover-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignfull is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-center\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/elreportivo.cl\/olimpia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/3-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7334 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/elreportivo.cl\/olimpia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/3-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/elreportivo.cl\/olimpia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/3-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/elreportivo.cl\/olimpia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/3-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/elreportivo.cl\/olimpia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/3-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/elreportivo.cl\/olimpia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/3.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:0px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Anestesia<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Procedimiento m\u00e9dico mediante el cual se bloquea la sensibilidad al dolor del paciente, a veces aboliendo temporalmente la conciencia (anestesia general) o solo en una parte del cuerpo donde trabajar\u00e1 el cirujano o el odont\u00f3logo. En la anestesia general, se produce hipnosis, analgesia, relajaci\u00f3n muscular y abolici\u00f3n de los reflejos. La anestesia peridural se administra para adormecer la parte inferior del cuerpo, con lo que se obtiene un r\u00e1pido bloqueo del dolor, sin necesidad de usar opi\u00e1ceos, y una recuperaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s r\u00e1pida despu\u00e9s de la cirug\u00eda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Esto procedimiento, que revolucion\u00f3 la cirug\u00eda, fue ideado a mediados del siglo XIX por el odont\u00f3logo estadounidense Horace Wells, quien descubri\u00f3 los efectos del \u00f3xido nitroso, m\u00e1s conocido como \u00e9ter. Un ayudante de Wells, William Morton se convirti\u00f3 en el primer anestesista, al aplicar el m\u00e9todo en un paciente al que se le extrajo un tumor en el cuello.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La palabra anestesia (en ingl\u00e9s brit\u00e1nico anaesthesia) fue acu\u00f1ada por el cirujano ingl\u00e9s Oliver Wendell Holmes en 1846, quien form\u00f3 el t\u00e9rmino mediante el prefijo privativo griego an-&nbsp; y el vocablo \u03b1\u03ca\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2 (aisthesis) \u2018sensaci\u00f3n\u2019, \u2018percepci\u00f3n<strong>\u2019.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Cambalache<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trueque o intercambio de cosas usadas, generalmente antiguas y de poco valor. En el R\u00edo de la Plata, se llama as\u00ed tambi\u00e9n el establecimiento comercial que se encarga de esas compras, ventas o trueques. Por extensi\u00f3n, intercambio de objetos o de favores que se lleva a cabo sin transparencia, lo que despierta sospechas corrupci\u00f3n o deshonestidad, como sugiere la letra del tango Cambalache, compuesto en 1934 por Enrique Santos Disc\u00e9polo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Siglo veinte, cambalache, problem\u00e1tico y febril, el que no llora no mama y el que no afana es un gil. \u00a1Dale nom\u00e1s, dale que va, que all\u00e1 en el horno nos vamo a encontrar! \u00a1No pienses m\u00e1s, sentate a un lao, que a nadie importa si naciste honrao!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El vocablo tiene un equivalente portugu\u00e9s, cambalacho que, seg\u00fan Houaiss (2009), proviene del verbo medieval cambar \u2018cambiar\u2019. En portugu\u00e9s se usa hoy trocar con ese significado, pero la falta de la i hace sospechar a Corominas que el vocablo ser\u00eda de origen portugu\u00e9s. Comenta asimismo que ese origen se confirmar\u00eda por el vocablo cambull\u00f3n, usado en Canarias, M\u00e9xico, Colombia, Venezuela y Per\u00fa, con el significado de cambalache. Seg\u00fan \u00e9l, el morfema -ull-&nbsp; sugiere un origen portugu\u00e9s o leon\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En las Islas Canarias, cambalache significa \u2018enga\u00f1o\u2019, \u2018maniobra maliciosa\u2019, de acuerdo con el Diccionario diferencial del espa\u00f1ol de Canarias, Dolores Corbella, C. Corrales, M. \u00c1lvarez Mart\u00ednez (Madrid: Arco 1996).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Aquelarre<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Al cristianismo le tom\u00f3 varios siglos imponerse totalmente como religi\u00f3n \u00fanica en Europa, pues no pod\u00eda llegar a las regiones m\u00e1s rec\u00f3nditas, donde perduraban restos de rituales antiguos, tales como ciertos cultos c\u00e9lticos y druidas, que se celebraban en forma clandestina.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El vocablo aquelarre es la denominaci\u00f3n gen\u00e9rica de aquellos rituales precristianos, que la Iglesia cat\u00f3lica calificaba como herej\u00eda, atribuy\u00e9ndoles pr\u00e1cticas de brujer\u00eda y pactos con el demonio. Los diccionarios en general simplifican la cuesti\u00f3n definiendo toda esa variedad de cultos paganos como reuniones de brujos y brujas, presididas por Satan\u00e1s, que se presentaba en forma de macho cabr\u00edo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La palabra se form\u00f3 a partir de la voz euskera akelarre, formada por aker \u2018macho cabr\u00edo\u2019 y larre \u2018prado\u2019, o sea, \u2018prado del macho cabr\u00edo\u2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En Espa\u00f1a y en algunos otros pa\u00edses, un cabr\u00f3n es una mala persona, por esa antigua asociaci\u00f3n con el demonio.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fuente: Ricardo Soca<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7334,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"plain-container","ast-site-content-layout":"normal-width-container","site-content-style":"unboxed","site-sidebar-style":"unboxed","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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